The pangolin scale is a horny derivative of the epidermis. It is
complex in structure and is divisible into three distinct regions. The
dorsal plate forms approximately one-sixth of the scale thickness. It
is composed of flattened solid keratinized cells without basophilic
nuclear remnants. This region tends to fray easily. The dorsal plate
contains bound phospholipids and sulphydryl groups but is weak in
disulphide bonds. (On the nature of the horny scales of the
pangolin)
Also,
It is suggested on the basis of histological structure and
dishribution of chemical constituents that pangolin scales are
probably homologous with primate nails.
Sorry, I forgot the second part of your question - were they developed from fish. The article suggests that they did NOT evolve from reptile scales. Since fish are even farther removed from reptiles on the evolutionary scale, I think that pretty much answers your question; pangolin scales do not share a common origin with fish scales.
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