This question is related to one I asked previously. This is probably a little harder. I had a crack at it today, but have become stuck. I suspect the result is buried in the order statistics literature somewhere, and perhaps somebody is familiar with it. That, or Peter might insta-solve again :).
Given a vector s of integers let d(s) be the maximum difference between any two integers in s when sorted in ascending order. That is, if we sort s in ascending order to obtain v, then
d(s)=maxi(vi+1−vi).
For s a vector of length m from lbrace1,2,dots,nrbracem we must have 0leqd(s)<n.
Given 0leqk<n, how may such vectors have d(s)=k ?
Again, I'm more interested in the case where n is much larger than m and if reasonable bounds can be found for d(s), then this would be useful too.
Note: If Nk is the answer for k. Then you should have nm=sumn−1k=0Nk
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