Sunday, 26 August 2012

ag.algebraic geometry - Are root stacks characterized by their divisor multiplicities?

Definitions/Background



Suppose S is a scheme and DsubseteqS is an irreducible effective Cartier divisor. Then D induces a morphism from S to the stack [mathbbA1/mathbbGm] (a morphism to this stack is the data of a line bundle and a global section of the line bundle, modulo scaling). For a positive integer k, the root stack sqrt[k]D/S is defined as the fiber product



begin{matrix}  sqrt[k]{D/S} & longrightarrow & [mathbb A^1/mathbb G_m] \   pdownarrow & & downarrow wedge k \   S & longrightarrow & [mathbb A^1/mathbb G_m] end{matrix}



where the map wedgek:[mathbbA1/mathbbGm]to[mathbbA1/mathbbGm] is induced by the maps xmapstoxk (on mathbbA1) and tmapstotk (on mathbbGm). The morphism p:sqrt[k]D/StoS is a coarse moduli space and is an isomorphism over SsmallsetminusD. Moreover, there is a divisor D on sqrt[k]D/S such that pD is kD.



The data of a morphism from T to sqrt[k]D/S is equivalent to the data a morphism f:TtoS and a divisor E on T such that fD=kE.



The question




Suppose mathcalX is a DM stack, that f:mathcalXtoS is a coarse moduli space, that f is an isomorphism over SsmallsetminusD, and that fD=kE for an irreducible Cartier divisor E on mathcalX. Is the induced morphism mathcalXtosqrt[k]D/S an isomorphism?




I get the strong impression that the answer should be "yes", at least if additional conditions are placed on mathcalX.



A counterexample



Here's a counterexample to show that some additional condition needs to be put on mathcalX. Take G to be mathbbA1 with a doubled origin, viewed as a group scheme over mathbbA1. Then mathcalX=[mathbbA1/G]tomathbbA1 is a coarse moduli space ("there's a B(mathbbZ/2) at the origin"). If we take DsubseteqmathbbA1 to be the origin, then the pullback to mathcalX is the closed B(mathbbZ/2) with multiplicity 1. Yet the induced morphism from mathcalX to sqrt[1]D/mathbbA1congmathbbA1 is not an isomorphism.



In this case, mathcalX is a smooth DM stack, but has non-separated diagonal.

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