Wednesday, 12 October 2011

ca.analysis and odes - Asymptotics of iterated polynomials

Let the sequence u1,u2,ldots satisfy un+1=unu2n+O(u3n). Then it can be shown that if unto0 as ntoinfty, then un=n1+O(n2logn). (See N. G. de Bruijn, Asymptotic methods in analysis, Section 8.5.)



This can be used to obtain asymptotics for vn+1=AvnBv2n+O(v3n), where A and B are constants. Let wn=Anvn; this gives
An+1wn+1=An+1wnBAnw2n+O(Anw3n)


and so
wn+1=wnBA1w2n+O(w3n).

Then let wn=Axn/B to get
Axn+1/B=Axn/BB/Acdot(Axn/B)2+O(x3n)

and after simplifying
xn+1=xnx2n+O(x3n). This satisfies the initial requirements for un (with some checking of the side condition); then substitute back.



But say I actually know that un+1=P(un) for some polynomial P, with P(z)=zz2+a3z3+cdots+adzd. In this case it seems like it should be possible to get more explicit information about un. Is there a known algorithm for computing an asymptotic series for un as ntoinfty?

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